What is the most common method of disinfecting potable water?

Chlorination is the most common method of disinfecting potable water due to its effectiveness, convenience, and ability to maintain residual protection in the water distribution system. Chlorine is a powerful disinfectant that kills bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens, ensuring that the water remains safe for consumption.

In addition to its disinfection capabilities, chlorination is relatively easy to implement and manage in both large-scale municipal systems and smaller water supplies. It is a cost-effective method that has been used for over a century, making it a standard practice in water treatment facilities around the world.

While methods such as ultraviolet light treatment, boiling, and filtration offer various advantages, they do not match the widespread application and residual disinfection benefits that chlorination provides. UV treatment requires clear water for effective use and does not leave any residual disinfectant, making it less suitable for long-term disinfection. Boiling is highly effective in killing pathogens but is impractical for large volumes of water or long-term use. Filtration can remove particulates and some pathogens, but it does not eliminate all microorganisms without additional chemical disinfection.

Consequently, chlorination remains the preferred and most commonly used method for ensuring potable water safety.